Test ID: ABSCM
Antibody Screen, Erythrocytes
Secondary ID 
A test code used for billing and in test definitions created prior to November 2011
NY State Approved Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Detection of allo- or autoantibodies directed against red blood cell antigens in the settings of pretransfusion testing
Evaluation of transfusion reactions
Evaluation of hemolytic anemia
Reflex Tests Lists test(s) that may or may not be performed, at an additional charge, depending on the result and interpretation of the initial test(s)
| Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| ABAB | Antibody Absorption | No | No |
| ABEL | Antibody Elution | No | No |
| DCTM | Direct Coombs, B | Yes | No |
| MDCC3 | Monospecific Direct Coombs C3, B | Yes | No |
| MDCG | Monospecific Direct Coombs IgG, B | Yes | No |
| ABID2 | Antibody Identification, RBC | Yes | No |
| SPAG | Special Red Cell Ag Typing | Yes | No |
Testing Algorithm Delineates situation(s) when tests are added to the initial order. This includes reflex and additional tests.
If the antibody screen is positive, then antibody identification will be performed.
The following tests may also be ordered and performed as part of antibody identification: monospecific direct Coombs, special red cell antigen typing, antibody elution, and antibody absorption.
Method Name A short description of the method used to perform the test
ABSCM/8956: Two-Cell Panel Antibody Screen
ABID2/8988: Ten-Cell Panel
ABAB/9389, SPAG/8980: Standard Blood Bank Techniques
ABEL/9390: Acid-EDTA Elution/Other standard methods may be used in difficult cases.
DCTM/9008, MDCG/86880, MDCC3/87855: Direct Antiglobulin Test
Reporting Name A shorter/abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test; an abbreviated test name
Aliases Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Indirect Antiglobulin Test
Indirect Coombs
Red Cell Antibody Screen
Type and Screen
Second ID 32816, Location DTL
Second ID 32817, Location DTL
Specimen Type Describes the specimen type needed for testing
Specimen Required Defines the optimal specimen. This field describes the type of specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing. The volume allows automated processing, fastest throughput and, when indicated, repeat or reflex testing.
Specimen must arrive within 72 hours of draw.
Container/Tube: Lavender top (EDTA)
Specimen Volume: Entire specimen
Collection Instructions: Send specimen in original tube
Specimen Minimum Volume Defines the amount of specimen required to perform an assay once, including instrument and container dead space. Submitting the minimum specimen volume makes it impossible to repeat the test or perform confirmatory or perform reflex testing. In some situations, a minimum specimen volume may result in a QNS (quantity not sufficient) result, requiring a second specimen to be collected.
Reject Due To Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Hemolysis | Mild OK; Gross reject |
| Lipemia | NA |
| Icterus | NA |
| Other | NA |
Specimen Stability Information Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the laboratory. Alternate acceptable temperature(s) are also included.
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Whole Blood EDTA | Refrigerated (preferred) | 4 days |
| Ambient | 4 days |
Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Transfusion and pregnancy are the primary means of sensitization to red cell antigens.
In a given population, 2% to 4% of the general population possess irregular red cell alloantibodies. Such antibodies may cause hemolytic disease of the newborn or hemolysis of transfused donor red blood cells.
Autoantibodies react against the patient's own red cells as well as the majority of cells tested. Autoantibodies can be clinically benign or can hemolyze the patient's own red blood cells, such as in cold agglutinin disease or autoimmune hemoyltic anemia.
Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
Negative
If positive, antibody identification will be performed.
Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
A positive result (antibody detected) necessitates antibody identification to establish the specificity and clinical significance of the antibody detected.
Negative–no antibody detected.
Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Clinical evaluation of antibodies identified is necessary to determine their potential for harm to the patient at this time and to assess appropriate action to be taken in the future.
Clinical Reference Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature
Technical Manual. 14th edition. Edited by RH Walker. Bethesda, MD, American Association of Blood Banks, 2002, pp 379-418
Method Description Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Two type O erythrocytes with known expression of common antigenic determinants are utilized. Serum containing antibodies directed against these antigens will cause agglutination or hemolysis of the test cells. Antiglobulin phases of testing provide optimal conditions for detection of most clinically significant antibodies. If the antibody screen is positive, then antibody identification is performed. (Technical Manual. 14th edition. Edited by RH Walker. Bethesda, MD, American Association of Blood Banks, 2002, pp 379-418)
Day(s) and Time(s) Test Performed Outlines the days and times the test is performed. This field reflects the day and time the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time required before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means assays are performed several times during the day.
Monday through Sunday continuously
Analytic Time Defines the amount of time it takes the laboratory to setup and perform the test. This is defined in number of days. The shortest interval of time expressed is "same day/1 day," which means the results may be available the same day that the sample is received in the testing laboratory. One day means results are available 1 day after the sample is received in the laboratory.
Maximum Laboratory Time Defines the maximum time from specimen receipt at Mayo Medical Laboratories until the release of the test result
Specimen Retention Time Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location The location of the laboratory that performs the test
Test Classification Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer's instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR), Investigation Use Only (IUO) product, or a Research Use Only (RUO) product.
CPT Code Information Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Medical Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
86850-Antibody screen
86860-Antibody elution (if appropriate)
86870-Antibody identification (if appropriate)
86880 x 3-Antiglobulin, direct (if appropriate)
86905-Each red cell antigen typing (if appropriate)
86978-Absorption (if appropriate)
LOINC® Code Information Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the result codes returned for this test or profile.
| Result ID | Reporting Name | LOINC Code |
|---|---|---|
| ABSCM | Antibody Scrn, RBC | 890-4 |
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