Test ID: BIOTS
Biotinidase, Serum
NY State Approved 
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Preferred test for diagnosing biotinidase deficiency
Follow-up testing for certain organic acidurias
Genetics Test Information Provides information that may help with selection of the correct test or proper submission of the test request
Preferred test to rule out biotinidase deficiency.
Second tier molecular testing is available.
Please see BTDMS/89012 Biotinidase Deficiency, BTD Full Gene Analysis for specimen requirements.
Special Instructions and Forms Describes specimen collection and preparation information, test algorithms, and other information pertinent to test. Also includes pertinent information and consent forms to be used when requesting a particular test
Method Name A short description of the method used to perform the test
Colorimetric
Reporting Name A shorter/abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test; an abbreviated test name
Aliases Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Biotinidase deficiency
Specimen Type Describes the specimen type needed for testing
Specimen Required Defines the optimal specimen. This field describes the type of specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing. The volume allows automated processing, fastest throughput and, when indicated, repeat or reflex testing.
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Red top
Acceptable: Serum gel
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions: Spin down and immediately remove serum.
Forms:
1. New York Clients-Informed consent is required. Please document on the request form or electronic order that a copy is on file. An Informed Consent for Genetic Testing (Supply T576) is available in Special Instructions.
2. If not ordering electronically, submit a Biochemical Genetics Request Form (Supply T439) with the specimen.
Specimen Minimum Volume Defines the amount of specimen required to perform an assay once, including instrument and container dead space. Submitting the minimum specimen volume makes it impossible to repeat the test or perform confirmatory or perform reflex testing. In some situations, a minimum specimen volume may result in a QNS (quantity not sufficient) result, requiring a second specimen to be collected.
Reject Due To Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Hemolysis | Mild OK; Gross reject |
| Lipemia | Mild OK; Gross OK |
| Icterus | Mild OK; Gross OK |
| Other | NA |
Specimen Stability Information Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the laboratory. Alternate acceptable temperature(s) are also included.
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Serum | Frozen (preferred) | 21 days |
| Refrigerated | 5 days |
Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Biotinidase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the biotinidase gene (BTD). Age of onset and clinical phenotype vary among individuals depending on the amount of residual biotinidase activity. Profound biotinidase deficiency occurs in approximately 1 in 137,000 live births and partial biotinidase deficiency occurs in approximately 1 in 110,000 live births, resulting in a combined incidence of about 1 in 61,000. The carrier frequency for biotinidase deficiency within the general population is about 1 in 120.
Untreated profound biotinidase deficiency typically manifests within the first decade of life as seizures, ataxia, developmental delay, hypotonia, sensorineural hearing loss, vision problems, skin rash, and/or alopecia. Partial biotinidase deficiency is associated with a milder clinical presentation, which may include cutaneous symptoms without neurologic involvement. Certain organic acidurias, such as holocarboxylase synthase deficiency, isolated carboxylase synthase deficiency and 3-methylcrotonylglycinuria, present similarly to biotinidase deficiency. Serum biotinidase levels can help rule out these disorders.
Treatment with biotin is successful in preventing the clinical features associated with biotinidase deficiency. In symptomatic patients, treatment will reverse many of the clinical features except developmental delay and vision and hearing complications. As a result, biotinidase deficiency is included in most newborn screening programs. This enables early identification and treatment of presymptomatic patients.
Molecular tests form the basis of confirmatory or carrier testing. When biotinidase enzyme activity is deficient, sequencing of the entire BTD gene (BTDMS/89012 Biotinidase Deficiency, BTD Full Gene Analysis) allows for detection of disease-causing mutations in affected patients. Identification of familial mutations allows for testing of at-risk family members (BTDKM/89013 Biotinidase Deficiency, BTD Gene, Known Mutation).
While genotype-phenotype correlations are not well established, it appears that certain mutations are associated with profound biotinidase deficiency, while others are associated with partial deficiency.
Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
3.5-13.8 U/L
Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
The reference range is 3.5 U/L to 13.8 U/L.
Partial deficiencies and carriers may occur at the low end of the reference range.
Values <3.5 U/L are occasionally seen in specimens from unaffected patients.
Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
A diet high in biotin may result in normal clinical presentation even when the biotinidase level is low.
Clinical Reference Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Wolf B: Chapter 156: Disorders of biotin metabolism. In The Metabolic and Molecular Basis of Inherited Disease. Vol 3. Eighth edition. Edited by CR Scriver, AL Beaudet, WS Sly, et al. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company. 2001
2. Wolf B: Biotinidase Deficiency. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=gene&part=biotin Reviewed September 25, 2008
Method Description Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Biotinidase activity is determined colorimetrically by measuring p-aminobenzoate liberation from N-biotinyl-p-aminobenzoate at 546 nm. Activity is determined from a standard curve of p-aminobenzoic acid. Modified: Sigma substrate is used.(Wolf B, Grier RE, Allen RJ, et al: Biotinidase deficiency: the enzymatic defect in late-onset carboxylase deficiency. Clin Chim Acta 1983;131:273-281)
Day(s) and Time(s) Test Performed Outlines the days and times the test is performed. This field reflects the day and time the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time required before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means assays are performed several times during the day.
Monday, Thursday; set up at 8 a.m.
Analytic Time Defines the amount of time it takes the laboratory to setup and perform the test. This is defined in number of days. The shortest interval of time expressed is "same day/1 day," which means the results may be available the same day that the sample is received in the testing laboratory. One day means results are available 1 day after the sample is received in the laboratory.
Maximum Laboratory Time Defines the maximum time from specimen receipt at Mayo Medical Laboratories until the release of the test result
Specimen Retention Time Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location The location of the laboratory that performs the test
Test Classification Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer's instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR), Investigation Use Only (IUO) product, or a Research Use Only (RUO) product.
CPT Code Information Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Medical Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
82261
LOINC® Code Information Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the result codes returned for this test or profile.
| Result ID | Reporting Name | LOINC Code |
|---|---|---|
| 50666 | Specimen | 31208-2 |
| 50667 | Specimen ID | N/A |
| 50668 | Source | N/A |
| 50669 | Order Date | N/A |
| 50670 | Reason For Referral | 42349-1 |
| 50671 | Method | In Process |
| 50672 | Biotinidase, S | 1982-8 |
| 50673 | Interpretation | 59462-2 |
| 50674 | Amendment | In Process |
| 50675 | Reviewed By | N/A |
| 50676 | Release Date | N/A |
External
link
PDF
document
Excel
document
Word
document