Test ID: PTU
Protein, Total, Urine
Secondary ID 
A test code used for billing and in test definitions created prior to November 2011
NY State Approved Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Evaluation of renal disease
Screening for monoclonal gammopathy
Special Instructions and Forms Describes specimen collection and preparation information, test algorithms, and other information pertinent to test. Also includes pertinent information and consent forms to be used when requesting a particular test
Method Name A short description of the method used to perform the test
Dye Binding (Pyrogallol Red)
Reporting Name A shorter/abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test; an abbreviated test name
Aliases Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Specimen Type Describes the specimen type needed for testing
Specimen Required Defines the optimal specimen. This field describes the type of specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing. The volume allows automated processing, fastest throughput and, when indicated, repeat or reflex testing.
Container/Tube: Plastic, 6-mL tube (Supply T465)
Specimen Volume: 5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Collect urine for 24 hours.
2. No preservative.
Additional Information:
1. 24-Hour volume is required.
2. See Urine Preservatives in Special Instructions for multiple collections.
Urine Preservative Collection Options
| Ambient | Preferred |
| Refrigerated | Yes |
| Frozen | Yes |
| 6N HCl | No |
| 50% Acetic Acid | No |
| Na2CO3 | Yes |
| Toluene | Yes |
| 6N HNO3 | No |
| Boric Acid | Yes |
| Thymol | Yes |
Specimen Minimum Volume Defines the amount of specimen required to perform an assay once, including instrument and container dead space. Submitting the minimum specimen volume makes it impossible to repeat the test or perform confirmatory or perform reflex testing. In some situations, a minimum specimen volume may result in a QNS (quantity not sufficient) result, requiring a second specimen to be collected.
Reject Due To Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Hemolysis | NA |
| Lipemia | NA |
| Icterus | NA |
| Other | NA |
Specimen Stability Information Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the laboratory. Alternate acceptable temperature(s) are also included.
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Urine | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days |
| Frozen | 14 days | |
| Ambient | 72 hours |
Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Protein in urine is normally composed of a combination of plasma-derived proteins that have been filtered by glomeruli and have not been reabsorbed by the proximal tubules and proteins secreted by renal tubules or other accessory glands.
Increased amounts of protein in the urine may be due to:
-Glomerular proteinuria: caused by defects in permselectivity of the glomerular filtration barrier to plasma proteins (eg, glomerulonephritis or nephrotic syndrome)
-Tubular proteinuria: caused by incomplete tubular reabsorption of proteins (eg, interstitial nephritis)
-Overflow proteinuria: caused by increased plasma concentration of proteins(s) (eg, multiple myeloma, myoglobinuria)
-Urinary tract inflammation or tumor
Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
> or =18 years: <102 mg/24 hours
Reference values have not been established for patients that are <18 years of age.
Reference value applies to 24-hour collection.
Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Total protein >500 mg/24 hours should be evaluated by immunofixation to determine if a monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain is present, and if so, identify it as either kappa or lambda type.
Urinary protein levels may rise to 300 mg/24 hours in healthy individuals after vigorous exercise.
Low-grade proteinuria may be seen in inflammatory or neoplastic processes involving the urinary tract.
Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Increased urine protein levels (false-positives) may be due to contamination of urine with menstrual blood, prostatic secretions, or semen.
Protein electrophoresis and immunofixation may be required to characterize and interpret the proteinuria.
Clinical Reference Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature
Keren DF: Clinical indications for electrophoresis and immunofixation. In Manual of Clinical Laboratory Immunology. 5th edition. Edited by NR Rose, E Conway de Macario, JD Folds, et al. Washington, DC, ASM Press, 1997, pp 65-74
Method Description Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
This assay uses colormetric dye binding on an automated analyzer. Pyrogallol red dye is combined with molybdenum acid forming a red complex with maximum absorption at 470 nm. When this complex is combined with protein under acidic conditions, its maximum absorption is shifted to a longer wavelength and develops a blue-purple color with a maximum at 604 nm. The concentration of protein in the specimen is equivalent to the absorbance of the dye urine mixture measured at 600 nm. (Package insert: Wako)
Day(s) and Time(s) Test Performed Outlines the days and times the test is performed. This field reflects the day and time the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time required before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means assays are performed several times during the day.
Monday through Sunday; Continuously
Analytic Time Defines the amount of time it takes the laboratory to setup and perform the test. This is defined in number of days. The shortest interval of time expressed is "same day/1 day," which means the results may be available the same day that the sample is received in the testing laboratory. One day means results are available 1 day after the sample is received in the laboratory.
Maximum Laboratory Time Defines the maximum time from specimen receipt at Mayo Medical Laboratories until the release of the test result
Specimen Retention Time Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location The location of the laboratory that performs the test
Test Classification Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer's instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR), Investigation Use Only (IUO) product, or a Research Use Only (RUO) product.
CPT Code Information Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Medical Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
84156
LOINC® Code Information Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the result codes returned for this test or profile.
| Result ID | Reporting Name | LOINC Code |
|---|---|---|
| TP2 | Total Protein | 2889-4 |
| TM23 | Collection Duration | 13362-9 |
| VL21 | Urine Volume | 19153-6 |
| CONC1 | Concentration | 35663-4 |
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