Test ID: VIP
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP), Plasma
Secondary ID 
A test code used for billing and in test definitions created prior to November 2011
NY State Approved Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Detection of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide producing tumors in patients with chronic diarrheal diseases
Method Name A short description of the method used to perform the test
Radioimmunoassay (RIA)
Reporting Name A shorter/abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test; an abbreviated test name
Aliases Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Specimen Type Describes the specimen type needed for testing
Specimen Required Defines the optimal specimen. This field describes the type of specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing. The volume allows automated processing, fastest throughput and, when indicated, repeat or reflex testing.
Collection Container/Tube: Lavender top (EDTA)
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Fasting (8 hours)
2. Spin down and immediately freeze.
Additional Information: This test should not be requested on patients who have recently received radioactive material.
Specimen Minimum Volume Defines the amount of specimen required to perform an assay once, including instrument and container dead space. Submitting the minimum specimen volume makes it impossible to repeat the test or perform confirmatory or perform reflex testing. In some situations, a minimum specimen volume may result in a QNS (quantity not sufficient) result, requiring a second specimen to be collected.
Reject Due To Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Hemolysis | Mild OK; Gross reject |
| Lipemia | Mild OK; Gross reject |
| Icterus | Mild OK; Gross OK |
| Other | NA |
Specimen Stability Information Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the laboratory. Alternate acceptable temperature(s) are also included.
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma EDTA | Frozen | 90 days |
Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was originally isolated from porcine small intestine and was recognized by its potent vasodilator activity. This brain/gut hormone has widespread distribution and is present in neuronal cell bodies localized in the central nervous system, digestive, respiratory, and urogenital tracts, exocrine glands, and thyroid and adrenal glands. VIP has a wide scope of biological actions. The main effects of VIP include relaxation of smooth muscle (bronchial and vascular dilation), stimulation of gastrointestinal water and electrolyte secretion, and release of pancreatic hormones.
VIP producing tumors (VIPomas) are rare; most (90%) are located in the pancreas. Watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria are key symptoms.
Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
<75 pg/mL
Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Values >75 pg/mL may indicate presence of enteropancreatic tumor causing hypersecretion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP).
Values >200 pg/mL are strongly suggestive of VIP producing tumors (VIPoma).
VIPoma is unlikely with a 24-hour stool volume <700 mL.
Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
This test should not be requested in patients who have recently received radioisotopes, therapeutically or diagnostically, because of potential assay interference. A recommended time period before collection cannot be made because it will depend on the isotope administered, the dose given and the clearance rate in the individual patient. Specimens will be screened for radioactivity prior to analysis. Radioactive samples received in the laboratory will be held and assayed after the radioactivity has sufficiently decayed. This will result in a test delay.
Clinical Reference Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Said SI: Vasoactive intestinal peptide. J Endocrinol Invest 1986;9:191-200
2. Yaksh TL, Michener SR, Bailey JE, et al: Survey of distribution of substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, metenkephalin, bombesin, and PHI in the spinal cord of cat, dog, sloth, and monkey. Peptides 1988;9:357-372
Method Description Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
A radioimmunoassay technique is used. Highly purified synthetic human vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) obtained from Peninsula Laboratories is used as a standard and is also treated with Na-(125)I for use as a labeled antigen. Anti-VIP antibody is produced in rabbits to an antigen prepared by coupling natural VIP from the Karolinska Institute to bovine serum albumin. The antiserum obtained shows no crossreactivity to secretin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, peptide histidine methionine, glucagon, and motilin up to and including concentrations of 10 ng/mL. (Yaksh TL, Michener SR, Bailey JE, et al: Survey of distribution of substance P, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, metenkephalin, bombesin and PHI in the spinal cord of cat, dog, sloth, and monkey. Peptides 1988;9:357-372)
Day(s) and Time(s) Test Performed Outlines the days and times the test is performed. This field reflects the day and time the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time required before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means assays are performed several times during the day.
Monday, Wednesday; 1 p.m.
Analytic Time Defines the amount of time it takes the laboratory to setup and perform the test. This is defined in number of days. The shortest interval of time expressed is "same day/1 day," which means the results may be available the same day that the sample is received in the testing laboratory. One day means results are available 1 day after the sample is received in the laboratory.
Maximum Laboratory Time Defines the maximum time from specimen receipt at Mayo Medical Laboratories until the release of the test result
Specimen Retention Time Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location The location of the laboratory that performs the test
Test Classification Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer's instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR), Investigation Use Only (IUO) product, or a Research Use Only (RUO) product.
CPT Code Information Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Medical Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
84586
LOINC® Code Information Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the result codes returned for this test or profile.
| Result ID | Reporting Name | LOINC Code |
|---|---|---|
| 8150 | Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide,P | 3125-2 |
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