Test ID: VOLEG
Volatile and Ethylene Glycol Profile
NY State Approved 
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.
Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful
Detection and quantitation of acetone, methanol, isopropanol, and ethanol in serum
Confirming and monitoring ethylene glycol toxicity
Profile Information A profile is a group of laboratory tests that are ordered and performed together under a single Mayo Test ID. Profile information lists the test performed, inclusive of the test fee, when a profile is ordered and includes reporting names and individual availability.
| Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
|---|---|---|---|
| ETGL | Ethylene Glycol, S | Yes | Yes |
| ETOHS | Ethanol, S | Yes | Yes |
| METS | Methanol, S | No | Yes |
| ACETS | Acetone, S | No | Yes |
| ISOPS | Isopropanol, S | No | Yes |
Method Name A short description of the method used to perform the test
Gas-Liquid Chromatography (GLC)
Reporting Name A shorter/abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test; an abbreviated test name
Aliases Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching
Ethanol (ETOH)
Ethylene Glycol
ETOH (Ethanol)
Isopropanol
Methanol
Specimen Type Describes the specimen type needed for testing
Specimen Required Defines the optimal specimen. This field describes the type of specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing. The volume allows automated processing, fastest throughput and, when indicated, repeat or reflex testing.
Container/Tube: Red top
Specimen Volume: 2 mL
Specimen Minimum Volume Defines the amount of specimen required to perform an assay once, including instrument and container dead space. Submitting the minimum specimen volume makes it impossible to repeat the test or perform confirmatory or perform reflex testing. In some situations, a minimum specimen volume may result in a QNS (quantity not sufficient) result, requiring a second specimen to be collected.
Reject Due To Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected
| Hemolysis | NA |
| Lipemia | NA |
| Icterus | NA |
| Other | Serum gel tube |
Specimen Stability Information Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the laboratory. Alternate acceptable temperature(s) are also included.
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time |
|---|---|---|
| Serum Red | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days |
| Ambient | 14 days | |
| Frozen | 14 days |
Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test
Volatiles:
Volatile substances in the blood include acetone, methanol, isopropanol, and ethanol. Acetone is generally elevated in metabolic conditions such diabetic ketoacidosis. Methanol and isopropanol are highly toxic and result from exogenous ingestion.
Ethanol is the single most important substance of abuse in the United States. It is the active agent in beer, wine, vodka, whiskey, rum, and other liquors. Ethanol acts on cerebral function as a depressant similar to general anesthetics. This depression causes most of the typical symptoms of intoxication including impaired thought, clouded judgment, and changed behavior. As the level of alcohol increases, the degree of impairment becomes progressively increased.
Ethylene Glycol:
Ethylene glycol is the active ingredient in automobile antifreeze which is sometimes consumed as a substitute for ethanol since in the early stages the inebriating effects of the 2 chemicals are similar. It is converted to several toxic, acidic metabolites including oxalic acid, which precipitates as calcium oxalate crystals in the kidney, identifiable as such in the urine.
Toxic manifestations include central nervous system depression, nausea and vomiting, muscle paralysis, ataxia, renal failure, congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, convulsions, and coma. Other findings included pronounced metabolic acidosis with large anion gap and Kussmaul respirations, osmolar gap, and hypocalcemia.
4-Methylpyrazole is the antidote of choice; however, ethanol administered in 10% concentration of D5W may also be used as an antidote. Both antidotes inhibit conversion of the relatively nontoxic ethylene glycol to its toxic metabolites.
Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
Toxic concentration: > or =20 mg/dL
ETHANOL
None detected (cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL)
Toxic concentration: > or =400 mg/dL
METHANOL
None detected (cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL)
Toxic concentration: > or =10 mg/dL
Positive results are quantitated.
ACETONE
None detected (cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL)
Toxic concentration: > or =10 mg/dL
ISOPROPANOL
None detected (cutoff concentration: 10 mg/dL)
Toxic concentration: > or =10 mg/dL
Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results
Volatiles:
Toxic concentrations:
Methanol: > or =10 mg/dL
Isopropanol: > or =10 mg/dL
Acetone: > or =10 mg/dL
Ethanol: > or =400 mg/dL
Ethylene Glycol:
Toxic concentration: > or =20 mg/dL
Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances
Propionic acid produced in the rare inborn error of metabolism, methylmalonic acidemia, may be confused with ethylene glycol in the gas chromatographic assay.
Clinical Reference Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature
1. Levine B: Principles of Forensic Toxicology. AACC Press, 1999
2. Tietz NW: Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests. 2nd edition. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company, 1990, pp 208-209
Method Description Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference
Specimens are analyzed and quantitated by gas-liquid chromatography. (Sunshine I: In Methodology for Analytical Toxicology, Cleveland, OH, CRC Press, 1975, p 145)
Day(s) and Time(s) Test Performed Outlines the days and times the test is performed. This field reflects the day and time the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time required before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means assays are performed several times during the day.
Monday through Friday, Sunday; 3rd Shift/ STAT availability
Analytic Time Defines the amount of time it takes the laboratory to setup and perform the test. This is defined in number of days. The shortest interval of time expressed is "same day/1 day," which means the results may be available the same day that the sample is received in the testing laboratory. One day means results are available 1 day after the sample is received in the laboratory.
Maximum Laboratory Time Defines the maximum time from specimen receipt at Mayo Medical Laboratories until the release of the test result
Specimen Retention Time Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded
Performing Laboratory Location The location of the laboratory that performs the test
Test Classification Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer's instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR), Investigation Use Only (IUO) product, or a Research Use Only (RUO) product.
CPT Code Information Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Medical Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.
82010-Acetone or other ketone bodies, serum; quantitative
82055-Alcohol (ethanol); any specimen except breath
82693-Ethylene glycol
84600-Volatiles
LOINC® Code Information Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the result codes returned for this test or profile.
| Result ID | Reporting Name | LOINC Code |
|---|---|---|
| 239 | Acetone, S | 5568-1 |
| 8749 | Ethylene Glycol, S | In Process |
| 11511 | Ethanol, S | 5643-2 |
| 11510 | Isopropanol, S | 5669-7 |
| 11509 | Methanol, S | 5693-7 |
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