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Interpretive Handbook

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Test 8682:
Cadmium, Blood

Clinical Information Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test

The toxicity of cadmium resembles the other heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, and lead) in that it attacks the kidney; renal dysfunction with proteinuria with slow onset (over a period of years) is the typical presentation.

 

Breathing the fumes of cadmium vapors leads to nasal epithelial deterioration and pulmonary congestion resembling chronic emphysema.

 

The most common source of chronic exposure comes from spray painting of organic-based paints without use of a protective breathing apparatus; auto repair mechanics represent a susceptible group for cadmium toxicity. In addition, another common source of cadmium exposure is tobacco smoke.

Useful For Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Detecting exposure to cadmium, a toxic heavy metal

Interpretation Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results

Normal blood cadmium is <5.0 ng/mL, with most results in the range of 0.5 ng/mL to 2.0 ng/mL.

 

Acute toxicity will be observed when the blood level exceeds 50 ng/mL.

Cautions Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances

High concentrations of gadolinium and iodine are known to interfere with most metals tests. If either gadolinium- or iodine-containing contrast media has been administered, a specimen cannot be collected for 96 hours.

Reference Values Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.

0.0-4.9 ng/mL

Reference values apply to all ages.

Clinical References Provides recommendations for further in-depth reading of a clinical nature

Moreau T, Lellouch J, Juguet B, et al: Blood cadmium levels in a general population with special reference to smoking. Arch Environ Health 1983;38:163-167