Kidney Stones
Update in Diagnosis and Management
Treatments for Enteric Hyperoxaluria
February 2010
Therefore, causes of a low citrate include diarrhea or renal tubular acidosis, both of which cause some degree of systemic acidosis. Proteins are the major dietary source of acid, and hence protein rich diets will reduce urinary citrate. Magnesium and potassium depletion both alter proximal tubular citrate handling, and therefore should be repleted in all patients with stone disease.
Treatment for Hyperoxaluria |
Jump to section:
- Introduction
- Kidney Stones
- Why do Kidney Stones Form?
- Genetics and Environment
- Not All Stones are Created Equal: Stone Analysis is Very Helpful
- Laboratory Evaluation
- Supersaturation Index
- Components of the Urinary Supersaturation Profile
- Uses of Urinary Supersaturation
- Common Features Increase Urinary Supersaturation in Patients with Idiopathic Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis
- "Conservative" Dietary Recommendations for Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers
- Causes of Hypercalciuria
- Genetic Hypercalciuria
- Genetic Hypercalciuria: Treatment
- What is Oxalate?
- Hyperoxaluria: What is the Relevant Concentration?
- Oxalate Balance on a Typical Western Diet
- Enteric Hyperoxaluria is Caused by Fat Malabsorption
- Control of Urinary Citrate: Largely Due to Systemic Acid Base Balance
- Treatments for Enteric Hyperoxaluria
- Low Urinary Citrate
- Hyperuricosuria is a Risk Factor for Calcium Oxalate Stones
- Uric Acid is Very Insoluble at Low pH
- Calcium Phosphate is Very Insoluble at High pH!
- Cystine Stones
- Struvite stones
- Questions?
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