Biomarkers of Acute Renal Failure

August 2009

In this slide we see an example of a renal epithelial cell cast. The renal epithelial cells can be recognized by their round distinct nucleus. One can appreciate how they are trapped by the Tamm Horsfall protein and held together to form this cast. Renal epithelial cells can also be detected free in the urine, and would also indicate ongoing acute kidney injury.

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Renal Epithelial Cell Cast

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Jump to section:

• Introduction
• Acute Kidney Injury
• Common Causes of Acute
• Progression From Pre-renal to Acute Tubular Necrosis
• Towards a Kidney Troponin
• Origin of Formed Elements in Urinalysis
• Urinanalysis: A Traditional Biomarker of AKI
• Hyaline Casts
• Renal Epithelial Cell Cast
• Leukocyte Cast
• RBC Cast
• Pigmented Cast
• Granular Cast
• Other Helpful Indices
• Potential Sources of Urinary Biomarkers
• NGAL as a Biomarker
• Studies Support NGAL as a Biomarker of AKI in the Following Situations
• Mayo Renal Laboratory Urinary NGAL Normals
• Normal Urinary NGAL Levels are Not Dependent on Age, but are Higher in Women than Men
• Ongoing Mayo Clinic Clinical Validation Study
• Ongoing Mayo Clinic Clinical Validation Study: Preliminary Results
• Study
• Other Potential Markers on the Horizon
• Mayo Clinic Goals
• Conclusions
• References
• Questions?