Biomarkers of Acute Renal Failure
NGAL as a Biomarker
August 2009
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, or NGAL, has been recently identified as a particularly promising potential biomarker of acute kidney injury. This 25-kDa protein was initially described in neutrophils, as its name implies. However, it is also expressed in low amounts in many human tissues, including kidney cells. Importantly, expression of NGAL is induced in injured tissues. This up regulation of NGAL expression is quite rapid, usually within 2 to 4 hours of injury. Fortunately, NGAL is also very stable and easily detected in urine.
NGAL as a Biomarker |
Jump to section:
- Introduction
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Common Causes of Acute
- Progression From Pre-renal to Acute Tubular Necrosis
- Towards a Kidney Troponin
- Origin of Formed Elements in Urinalysis
- Urinanalysis: A Traditional Biomarker of AKI
- Hyaline Casts
- Renal Epithelial Cell Cast
- Leukocyte Cast
- RBC Cast
- Pigmented Cast
- Granular Cast
- Other Helpful Indices
- Potential Sources of Urinary Biomarkers
- NGAL as a Biomarker
- Studies Support NGAL as a Biomarker of AKI in the Following Situations
- Mayo Renal Laboratory Urinary NGAL Normals
- Normal Urinary NGAL Levels are Not Dependent on Age, but are Higher in Women than Men
- Ongoing Mayo Clinic Clinical Validation Study
- Ongoing Mayo Clinic Clinical Validation Study: Preliminary Results
- Study
- Other Potential Markers on the Horizon
- Mayo Clinic Goals
- Conclusions
- References
- Questions?
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